MentalHealth – India’s National Survey Shifts Focus Toward Well-Being Model

MentalHealth –  India is preparing to take a significant step in understanding psychological health through the upcoming National Mental Health Survey (NMHS) 2025–26, which will, for the first time, place emphasis on mental well-being instead of limiting its scope to mental illness. This shift reflects a broader and more progressive approach to evaluating how individuals experience and maintain their mental health across the country.

A New Direction in Mental Health Assessment

The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has assigned the National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) the responsibility of conducting this nationwide study. The primary aim is to measure the extent of mental health challenges, analyze how people seek care, and assess the availability of services and trained professionals.

Experts involved in the project have highlighted that earlier surveys mainly focused on diagnosing mental disorders. However, this edition introduces a broader framework that includes questions about emotional resilience, self-care practices, and overall psychological well-being. Researchers believe this approach will help create a comprehensive well-being index for the country, offering deeper insights into how people perceive and manage their mental health.

Expanded Coverage Across the Country

Unlike the first survey conducted in 2015–16, which included only 12 states, the new survey covers all 28 states and 8 Union Territories. This wider reach is expected to provide a more accurate and inclusive picture of mental health conditions nationwide.

So far, more than 2.5 lakh individuals have been interviewed across 24 states. Field data collection has largely been completed in these regions, with teams conducting door-to-door visits to gather essential information. This method ensures representation from diverse communities, including rural and underserved populations.

Focus on Emerging Mental Health Concerns

The survey also introduces new areas of study that reflect changing societal realities. Special attention is being given to loneliness among elderly individuals, a growing concern in many parts of the country. Additionally, researchers are examining mental health challenges faced by women, particularly during pre-menstrual phases and post-menopause.

These additions aim to capture issues that were previously underexplored, helping policymakers design targeted interventions. By including such parameters, the survey acknowledges that mental health is influenced by age, gender, and life stages.

Scientific Approach to Data Collection

The survey follows a structured sampling method to ensure reliability and accuracy. A stratified cluster sampling technique has been adopted, where districts are categorized based on the Multi-dimensional Poverty Index developed by NITI Aayog. From each category, selected districts are studied to maintain proportional representation.

The process involves multiple stages of sampling, allowing researchers to capture data from varied socio-economic backgrounds. Field investigators undergo intensive training for several weeks to maintain consistency and quality in data collection.

Institutional Collaboration Across States

To ensure effective implementation, the government has partnered with medical institutions similar to AIIMS and various government medical colleges across states and Union Territories. Each region is supported by experts from psychiatry and community medicine departments, ensuring both clinical and public health perspectives are included.

This collaborative model strengthens the survey’s execution and ensures that findings are grounded in both research and practical healthcare experience.

Broader Objectives of NMHS-2

The second phase of the National Mental Health Survey aims to estimate the prevalence of serious mental health conditions among adults and adolescents, with pilot studies extending to children. It will also evaluate disability linked to mental health, economic impact, access to care, and the burden on caregivers.

In addition, the study seeks to identify vulnerable groups and assess the effectiveness of existing mental health systems. These insights are expected to guide future policies and improve service delivery across the country.

Timeline for Findings and Report Release

A preliminary report from the survey is expected to be submitted to the National Technical Advisory Group by July 2026. The final findings will be officially released on October 10, 2026, marking World Mental Health Day.

The results are anticipated to play a key role in shaping India’s mental health policies, with a stronger focus on prevention, awareness, and overall well-being rather than just treatment.