RailSafety – US Lawmakers Renew Push for Tougher Rail Rules
RailSafety – Three years after a freight train carrying hazardous chemicals derailed in eastern Ohio, members of the US Congress are once again pressing for stronger federal rail safety standards. A bipartisan group of lawmakers has reintroduced wide-ranging legislation aimed at tightening oversight of freight operators, improving inspection systems, and strengthening safeguards for communities located along major rail corridors.
Renewed Legislative Effort in Washington
The proposed Railway Safety Act of 2026 was formally presented this week by Senator John Fetterman alongside Democratic and Republican colleagues. The move marks another attempt to address concerns that surfaced following the 2023 derailment in East Palestine, Ohio, involving a Norfolk Southern train transporting toxic materials.
Fetterman described the incident as a preventable disaster and said federal lawmakers have yet to enact meaningful reforms. According to him, the new proposal seeks to impose stronger accountability measures on large rail corporations while improving protections for residents living near rail lines.
Senator Maria Cantwell echoed that sentiment, stating that the time for congressional action is overdue. She emphasized that the bill outlines specific safety requirements that, if implemented earlier, could have reduced the risk of similar accidents.
Stricter Standards for Hazardous Shipments
A central element of the legislation is the requirement for advanced defect-detection technology across rail networks. Under the proposal, hotbox detectors — devices designed to identify overheated wheel bearings — would need to be installed approximately every 15 miles. Currently, such equipment is typically spaced around 25 miles apart.
The bill also broadens the classification of high-hazard trains. Shipments containing flammable gases, explosives, and radioactive materials would face tighter regulatory scrutiny. In addition, freight trains carrying dangerous cargo would be subject to a maximum speed limit of 50 miles per hour, with lower caps in densely populated urban areas deemed high-risk.
Lawmakers say these changes are intended to reduce the likelihood of mechanical failure and limit the potential scale of accidents involving hazardous substances.
Increased Penalties and Inspection Rules
Beyond technological upgrades, the measure would introduce stricter inspection standards. Rail companies would no longer be permitted to restrict the time allocated for safety inspections. Freight cars would also be required to undergo comprehensive reviews at least once every five years.
Financial penalties for violations would rise significantly. In cases where negligence results in serious injury or loss of life, fines could reach as high as $5 million. Supporters argue that steeper penalties would serve as a meaningful deterrent and encourage compliance across the industry.
The legislation further mandates two-person crews on Class I freight trains, a provision long supported by rail labor unions. It also accelerates the phase-out of older DOT-111 tank cars, pushing the deadline to 2027. These tank cars have faced criticism in the past for their vulnerability during derailments.
Support From Labor Groups and Residents
Labor organizations have voiced support for the renewed proposal. Greg Regan of the Transportation Trades Department, AFL-CIO, noted that thousands of derailments have occurred nationwide since the East Palestine incident. He said rail workers and nearby communities are seeking assurances that federal authorities will prioritize practical safety reforms.
Residents of East Palestine continue to advocate for stronger regulations as well. Misti Allison, who lives in the area affected by the derailment, said rail safety transcends political divisions. In her view, it is fundamentally a matter of public health, environmental protection, and community well-being.
Emergency Aid for Affected Communities
Another provision in the bill establishes a dedicated emergency response assistance program. The initiative would make up to $10 million available in rapid federal aid to local governments responding to significant hazardous materials transportation incidents. Lawmakers say immediate funding access is essential when communities face contamination risks and large-scale evacuations.
While the legislation focuses on US rail operations, its broader implications extend beyond national borders. Countries with extensive railway networks transporting chemicals and petroleum products face similar challenges in balancing freight efficiency with public safety. The renewed debate in Washington underscores the continuing global effort to modernize rail systems while protecting the communities they serve.