Headline: The Life, Legacy, and Political Journey of Khaleda Zia in Bangladesh
Headline: Former Bangladeshi Prime Minister Khaleda Zia, a towering figure in South Asian politics whose rivalry with Sheikh Hasina shaped Bangladesh’s political landscape for decades, passed away at the age of 80. Her death marked the end of an era defined by intense political competition, democratic struggles, and mass public engagement. Khaleda Zia remained one of the most influential and controversial leaders in the history of Bangladesh, commanding loyalty from millions of supporters while also facing sharp criticism from opponents.
Political Challenges and Legal Battles
Throughout her later years, Khaleda Zia faced multiple corruption cases that significantly affected her political career. She consistently denied all allegations, describing them as politically motivated efforts to sideline her from national politics. These cases kept her away from active leadership for years, during which she was imprisoned or placed under house arrest. In a major development in January 2025, Bangladesh’s Supreme Court acquitted her in the final corruption case. This verdict legally cleared her path to participate in the national election scheduled for February, raising expectations of a possible political comeback.
Health, Return, and Final Days
Khaleda Zia had been undergoing medical treatment in the United Kingdom due to prolonged health complications. In May, she returned to Bangladesh, a moment that drew widespread attention and emotional reactions from her supporters. Her passing occurred early in the morning shortly after the Fajr prayer, and her party officially announced the news, requesting prayers for her soul. Her death triggered nationwide mourning and renewed discussions about her contribution to the country’s political development.
Bangladesh Nationalist Party and the 2025 Election
At the time of her death, the Bangladesh Nationalist Party was widely regarded as the frontrunner in the upcoming parliamentary election. The party’s acting chairman and her elder son, Tarique Rahman, returned to Bangladesh after nearly seventeen years of self-imposed exile. His return significantly reshaped the political environment, and many observers viewed him as a leading contender for the prime minister’s position. Khaleda Zia’s legacy continued to influence the party’s strategy and public support base.
Path to Power and Rise as Prime Minister
Khaleda Zia entered national politics following the assassination of her husband, President Ziaur Rahman, who was killed during a military coup attempt in 1981. Initially known for her reserved personality and focus on family life, she gradually emerged as a political leader during the struggle against military rule. She played a key role in the mass movement that led to the fall of the military regime in 1990. In 1991, she led her party to victory and became the first female Prime Minister of Bangladesh, later serving a second term starting in 2001.
Identity and Political Significance
Khaleda Zia was not only a prominent Bangladeshi politician but also one of the earliest female heads of government in the Muslim world. As chairperson of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party, she represented a center-right political ideology and emphasized nationalism, economic development, and democratic governance. Her rivalry with Sheikh Hasina became a defining feature of Bangladesh’s politics, often polarizing society but also energizing democratic participation.
The Rise, Fall, and Enduring Influence
Although she had been out of power since 2006, Khaleda Zia continued to command deep loyalty among her supporters. Even during years of imprisonment and political restrictions, her influence remained visible through the party’s grassroots strength. From a reluctant political entrant to a two-time prime minister, her journey reflected resilience, ambition, and controversy. Her vision of reducing poverty and advancing national development echoed the political philosophy of her late husband and shaped her leadership approach.
Conclusion and Historical Legacy
Khaleda Zia’s death closed a significant chapter in Bangladesh’s political history. She will be remembered as a pioneering female leader, a symbol of resistance during critical democratic transitions, and a central figure in one of the most enduring political rivalries in South Asia. Her impact on governance, party politics, and public discourse continues to resonate, ensuring her place in the historical narrative of Bangladesh.